Panic Disorder

Panic Attack

Panic Disorder

Recurrent Panic Attacks

Anticipatory Anxiety

Agoraphobia

Hypochondriasis

Demoralisation

Epidemiology

Age of Onset

Situation of Onset

Stressful Life Events

Early Life Events

Maternal Over-Protection

Separation Anxiety

Short and Long-term Outcomes

Comorbidity

Panic Disorder: Pathogenesis

Biological Findings

Provocative Agents

Neurotransmitter Systems

Neuroanatomical Models

Brain Imaging

Psychological Models

Psychodynamic Models

Behavioural Models

Cognitive Models

Areas of Controversy and Debate

The Evolutionary Perspective

Panic Disorder: Treatment

Pharmacotherapy

Benzodiazepines

Tricyclic Antidepressants

Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors

Selective Serotonin Re-uptake Inhibitors

Other Drugs

Psychotherapy

Overcoming Anxiety (Home) > Panic Disorder > Biological Findings

Biological Findings for Panic Disorder

The principal research approaches when investigating possible biological mechanisms underlying PD are laboratory studies using provocative agents and pharmacological and neurochemical studies aimed at understanding the neurotransmitter systems involved in the pathogenesis of PD, and proposing neuroanatomical models.

• Provocative Agents
• Neurotransmitter Systems
• Neuroanatomical Models
• Brain Imaging

	More Articles
1. Recognizing and Curing Depression and Anxiety Disorder Curing Depression and Anxiety Disorder Depression and anxiety disorders are suffered by way to many people out there. Women are usually not treated at par [...]
2. Comorbdity Comorbdity for Generalized Anxiety Disorder GAD displays high psychiatric comorbidity, mainly with other anxiety and mood disorders. This fact complicates the [...]
3. Demoralisation Demoralisation Some patients with PD or PD/agoraphobia (about 30%) develop feelings of sadness, guilt, anhedonia. Generally, this state may be considered [...]
4. Social Phobia Diagnosis Social Phobia Diagnosis In 1970, Marks was the first to discuss SP as a clinical syndrome distinct from other anxiety disorders. As explained before, [...]

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