Panic Disorder

Panic Attack

Panic Disorder

Recurrent Panic Attacks

Anticipatory Anxiety

Agoraphobia

Hypochondriasis

Demoralisation

Epidemiology

Age of Onset

Situation of Onset

Stressful Life Events

Early Life Events

Maternal Over-Protection

Separation Anxiety

Short and Long-term Outcomes

Comorbidity

Panic Disorder: Pathogenesis

Biological Findings

Provocative Agents

Neurotransmitter Systems

Neuroanatomical Models

Brain Imaging

Psychological Models

Psychodynamic Models

Behavioural Models

Cognitive Models

Areas of Controversy and Debate

The Evolutionary Perspective

Panic Disorder: Treatment

Pharmacotherapy

Benzodiazepines

Tricyclic Antidepressants

Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors

Selective Serotonin Re-uptake Inhibitors

Other Drugs

Psychotherapy

Overcoming Anxiety (Home) > Panic Disorder > Biological Findings

Biological Findings for Panic Disorder

The principal research approaches when investigating possible biological mechanisms underlying PD are laboratory studies using provocative agents and pharmacological and neurochemical studies aimed at understanding the neurotransmitter systems involved in the pathogenesis of PD, and proposing neuroanatomical models.

• Provocative Agents
• Neurotransmitter Systems
• Neuroanatomical Models
• Brain Imaging

	More Articles
1. Panic Attack: Symptom, Treatment and Panic Cure Panic Attack: Symptom, Treatment and Panic Cure Panic attack is defined as a discrete period of intense fear or discomfort accompanied by somatic and psychic symptoms. The attack has a sudden [...]
2. Biological Findings for Panic Disorder Biological Findings for Panic Disorder The principal research approaches when investigating possible biological mechanisms underlying PD are laboratory studies using provocative agents and pharmacological and neurochemical studies aimed at [...]
3. Brain Imaging Studies for OCD Brain Imaging Studies for OCD Positron emission tomography (PET) has displayed increased activity (i.e. metabolism and blood flow) in the frontal [...]
4. Family Studies for GAD Family Studies for GAD Most family and twin studies suggest a clear difference between PD and GAD. Genetic factors are more [...]

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